Abstract
In this Letter, we point out that in the eternal inflation driven by the metastable vacua of the landscape, it might be possible that some large and local quantum fluctuations with the null energy condition violation can stride over the barriers between different vacua and straightly create some islands with radiation and matter in new vacua. Then these thermalized islands will evolve with the standard cosmology. We show that such islands may be consistent with our observable universe, while has some distinctly observable signals, which may be tested in coming observations.
Highlights
In this note, we point out that in the eternal inflation driven by the metastable vacua of the landscape, it might be possible that some large and local quantum fluctuations with the null energy condition violation can stride over the barriers between different vacua and straightly create some islands with radiation and matter in new vacua
With diverse environments of string landscape, we may expect that it is possible that some large and local quantum fluctuations with the NEC violation can stride over the barrier between different vacua in the landscape and straightly create some thermalized regions in new vacua
This might be phenomenally illustrated by applying the HM instanton [12], since the HM instanton may be regarded as a thermal fluctuation whose rate can be given by the difference in the entropies between the fluctuation and the equilibrium state [2]
Summary
We point out that in the eternal inflation driven by the metastable vacua of the landscape, it might be possible that some large and local quantum fluctuations with the null energy condition violation can stride over the barriers between different vacua and straightly create some islands with radiation and matter in new vacua. The significant fluctuations are those enough large, as studied in the island universe model [10, 11], in which the vacuum background is that with the observed value of the current cosmological constant.
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