Abstract
This review addresses plant interactions with HMs, emphasizing defence mechanisms and the role of chelating agents, antioxidants and various elicitor molecules in mitigating metal toxicity in plants. To combat soil contamination with HMs, chelate assisted phytoextraction using application of natural or synthetic aminopolycarboxylic acids is an effective strategy. Plants also employ diverse signaling pathways, including hormones, calcium, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases influencing gene expression and defence mechanisms to counter HM stress. Phytohormones enhance the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence mechanism and the level of secondary metabolites in plants when exposed to HM stress. Also it activates genes responsible for DNA repair mechanism. In addition, the plant hormones can also regulate the activity of several transporters of HMs, thereby preventing their entry into the cell. Elicitor molecules regulate metal and metalloid absorption, sequestration and transport in plants. Combining of different elicitors like jasmonic acid, calcium, salicylic acid etc. effectively mitigates metal and metalloid stress in plants. Moreover, microbes including bacteria and fungi, offer eco-friendly and efficient solution for HM remediation. Understanding these elicitors, microbes and various signaling pathways is crucial for developing strategies to enhance plant resilience to metal and metalloid stress.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
