Abstract
Black elder is a deciduous shrub widely used in medicine, pharmacy and food industry. This study presents a comparison of the elemental composition of fruits (berries) from the Black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) cultivars Albida, Bohatka, Dana, Heidegg13, Mammut and Sambo, grown in the Czech Republic and harvested in two seasons (2011 and 2013). The fruits were collected at full maturity from an experimental orchard at the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy Ltd. The raw material was decomposed using hot nitric acid and the determination of the elemental content (Ca, K, P, Zn. Cu, Mn, Na, Mg) was performed by inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry in accordance with a valid ISO standard. Concentration of all the analyzed elements in the various Sambucus nigra cultivars was different, and the differences were statistically significant (p Ca > P > Mg > Na > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. The results demonstrated that Sambucus nigra fruits can be used as functional food in prevention and treatment of diseases associated with deficiency of elements in the human diet. On average, 100 g of Sambucus nigra fruits can cover about 20% of the recommended dietary allowance of main elements for women and men. In terms of the content of individual elements, the cultivars Albida and Sambo have proven to be most promising. The chemical composition of Sambucus nigra varied with the year of harvest, but the variation in the elemental content did not exceed 20% in most cases. keywords: Sambucus nigra, elderberry, fruit, major and minor metals, spectrometry. assoc. prof. Pavel Divis, PhD, Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: divis@fch.vutbr.cz * This work was supported by project NP MZe CR 206553/2011-17253 and infrastructure of the projects CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0116 and CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0012 was used during this work.
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