Abstract
Chitosan, a natural-occurring biopolymer, is biocompatible to tissues with excellent antibacterial and hemostatic properties, which makes it a great candidate among wound dressing materials. In this paper, electrospun fiber-based wound dressings from blend chitosan and/or polyethylene oxide (PEO) and/or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers were reviewed. The incorporation of these water-soluble copolymers allows the entanglement of the rigid chitosan molecular chains during electrospinning leading to the production of continuous nonwoven fibers having average diameters ranging from several tenths to hundredths of nanometers. Increasing chitosan composition in the fibers improves the bulk mechanical strength of the fiber mats due to the rigid molecular structure of chitosan. The nano-sized pores within the fiber mats promote permeability of the fiber dressings, which further enhances the exchange of oxygen and nutrients with outside environment. In addition, the porous fiber mat structure facilitates the absorption of wound exudates while reducing the possibility of bacterial infections. Several studies in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory responses of chitosan-based electrospun fibers were discussed in this short review. More importantly, inclusions of small molecule drugs and/or biological agents are possible in chitosan-based electrospun fibers, which provide a multi-purpose treatment capability for wound healing applications.
Highlights
Chitosan, a partially N-deacetylated derivative of chitin, consists of random mixtures of β-(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in the polymer backbone
These results suggested that electrospun chitosan-based fibers have the potential to serve as fiber-based dressings to further enable drug delivery and tissue engineering applications
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-loaded polyethylene oxide (PEO)/chitosan/Fb fibers possessed characteristics that would be highly beneficial as novel bioactive dressings for enhancement of wound healing
Summary
A partially N-deacetylated derivative of chitin, consists of random mixtures of β-(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in the polymer backbone. Chitosan can increase the paracellular permeability by loosening the cellular tight junctions of the epithelium to enable the delivery of macromolecules (e.g., proteins/peptides and growth factors) to deep tissue for wound healing [12] The aim of this mini review is to provide the current status on the use of chitosan-based electrospun fibers for antibacterial and anti-inflammation abilities in wound healing. Selected works on electrospun chitosan-based fibers were highlighted from the reported data on physico-mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, and anti-inflammation properties of the electrospun chitosan-based fibers These results suggested that electrospun chitosan-based fibers have the potential to serve as fiber-based dressings to further enable drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. This mini review provides a short but concise discussion on the current status of electrospun chitosan-based fibers for wound healing applications
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