Abstract

Of interest to the paper industry is how cellulose fibers shrink, swell, and break during wetting and drying of paper. The Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) is a new tool for examining wetting and drying. However, surfaces of cellulose fibers appeared smoothed in an unexpected way while examined in the ESEM (made by Electroscan, Wilmington, MA, USA) during wetting and drying. Closer examination revealed that the smoothed appearance was due to electron beam radiation damage that occurs while the fibers are wet. Shown below is evidence that damage to wet cellulose fibers is due to attack from free radicals that are products of radiolysis of ice.

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