Abstract
To improve the impedance matching condition and broaden the effective absorbing bandwidth, a series of cylindrical periodic structured gypsum composites with different kinds of carbonaceous materials as absorbents were fabricated by two-step molding process. The influences of the mass fraction of helical carbon fiber (HCF), carbon nanotube (CNT), and graphene (GE) on the morphology, permittivity, resistivity, and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing properties of the proposed gypsum composites were investigated. The experimental results show that the composite with 2 wt% HCF exhibits optimum EM wave absorption performance, its reflection loss is lower than − 10 dB in 2–18 GHz and bandwidth thickness ratio coefficient reaches 0.8 GHz/mm. The EM wave absorption mechanisms were further explained by the simulation of EM field and power loss distribution. The dielectric loss of carbonaceous absorbents, the destructive interference, and the EM wave diffraction and multiple refractions caused by the periodic cylindrical arrays are the main EM wave attenuation mechanisms of the fabricated composites. This study could provide guidance for the design of broadband EM wave absorbing materials.
Highlights
Electromagnetic (EM) interference, health hazard and information leakage caused by EM radiation have become serious issues in modern society [1,2]
The above results indicates that the helical carbon fiber (HCF) possess higher EM attenuation ability than carbon nanotube (CNT) and GE
The effective band can be moved to lower frequency range by increasing carbon absorbent mass fraction, and the comprehensive EM wave absorption capacity of above three kinds of carbon materials are arranged as HCF>CNT>GE
Summary
Electromagnetic (EM) interference, health hazard and information leakage caused by EM radiation have become serious issues in modern society [1,2]. Sun et al [13] designed a 3D extruded and sprayed graded double-layer EM wave absorbing cement materials, the specimen comprises a 15 mm impedance matching layer and a 15 mm absorbing layer shows optimum EM absorption performance, and an effective bandwidth of 9.56 GHz can be attained. The porous aggregates, such as expanded perlite [16,17,18], glass beads [19,20], etc., are often used to adjust the pore structures of building materials, improving EM wave absorption properties. This paper could provide some guiding suggestions for the design of wideband EM wave absorbing building materials
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