Abstract
The continuous increase of environmental regulations make interesting to find effective and efficient methods for processing effluents containing metal ions. This research focuses on cadmium removal from brackish water by an electro-membrane process: The electrodialysis. Experiments were carried out on synthetic brackish water solutions and using a laboratory scale electrodialysis system. The influence of several parameters on process efficiency was investigated. The efficiency of this process was assessed by the determination of five parameters: The demineralization rate, the removal rate and the transport flux of cadmium, the current efficiency and the specific power consumption. The applied voltage, the feed flow rate, the pH and cadmium initial concentration of the feed solution have a significant effect on the process efficiency and mainly on the cadmium transfer from dilute to concentrate compartment. In contrast, feed ionic strength seems to affect only the SPC and not the R(Cd).
Highlights
Cadmium is a heavy metal with an oxidation state of +II
This research focuses on cadmium removal from brackish water by an electro-membrane process: The electrodialysis
The influence of several parameters on process efficiency was investigated. The efficiency of this process was assessed by the determination of five parameters: The demineralization rate, the removal rate and the transport flux of cadmium, the current efficiency and the specific power consumption
Summary
Cadmium is a heavy metal with an oxidation state of +II. It presents toxic effects on the kidney, the skeletal and the respiratory systems, and is classified as a human carcinogen. It is generally present in the environment at low levels. Levels of cadmium could be higher in areas supplied with soft water of low pH, as this would tend to be more corrosive in plumbing systems containing cadmium. The World Health Organization considered that an amount of 3 g L-1 of cadmium should not be exceeded for drinking water [1, 2]
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