Abstract
ABSTRACTA comparison of Li insertion in manganese oxide phases with a tunnel (todorokite) framework, its two-dimensional layered precursor (birnessite/buserite), and Li-exchanged materials are presented. The results outline the effect of the MnO6 octahedral arrangement and framework composition on the electrochemical response. The interlayer cations in the lamellar materials are exchangeable for Li, giving rise to a lithiated birnessite that displays a sustainable capacity of 125 mAh/g. For todorokite, molten salt exchange using LiNO3 results in displacement of water from the tunnels, and incorporation of additional Li into the structure. Some of this Li is extractable during charge, resulting in a reversible capacity of 172 mAh/g in the voltage window 4.2–2.0V.
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