Abstract
The intracranial measurement of local cerebral tissue oxygen levels—PbtO2—has become a useful tool for the critical care unit to investigate severe trauma and ischemia injury in patients. Our preliminary work in animal models supports the hypothesis that multi-site depth electrode recording of PbtO2 may give surgeons and critical care providers needed information about brain viability and the capacity for better recovery. Here, we present a surface morphology characterization and an electrochemical evaluation of the analytical properties toward oxygen detection of an FDA-approved, commercially available, clinical grade depth recording electrode comprising 12 Pt recording contacts. We found that the surface of the recording sites is composed of a thin film of smooth Pt and that the electrochemical behavior evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in acidic and neutral electrolyte is typical of polycrystalline Pt surface. The smoothness of the Pt surface was further corroborated by determination of the electrochemical active surface, confirming a roughness factor of 0.9. At an optimal working potential of −0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl, the sensor displayed suitable values of sensitivity and limit of detection for in vivo PbtO2 measurements. Based on the reported catalytical properties of Pt toward the electroreduction reaction of O2, we propose that these probes could be repurposed for multisite monitoring of PbtO2 in vivo in the human brain.
Highlights
Monitoring local cerebral tissue oxygen levels—PbtO2—is increasingly used in neurological intensive care units to guide therapeutic strategies aimed at maintaining O2 levels above threshold, namely in patients suffering of severe acute brain conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and during certain neurosurgery procedures [1,2,3]
We present an electrochemical evaluation of the analytical properties toward oxygen detection of a clinical grade depth recording electrode comprising 12 Pt recording contacts
Based on the reported catalytical properties of Pt toward the electroreduction reaction of O2, we propose that these probes could be repurposed for multisite monitoring of PbtO2 in vivo in the human brain
Summary
Monitoring local cerebral tissue oxygen levels—PbtO2—is increasingly used in neurological intensive care units to guide therapeutic strategies aimed at maintaining O2 levels above threshold, namely in patients suffering of severe acute brain conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and during certain neurosurgery procedures [1,2,3]. The rationale for this comes from studies showing improved outcome in patients with brain O2 monitoring and PbtO2 targeted therapeutic approaches [4,5]. Besides being a key metabolite in energy metabolism, O2 is a substrate for multiple enzymes within cells and can act as a signal for genetic adaptation to situations of hypoxia, regulating gene expression via hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) dependent pathways [17]
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