Abstract
Electrochemical behavior of lead electrodes in sulfuric acid solution containing sodium sulfate was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM). In anodic scanning of CV, it is found that the sodium sulfate addition hardly influences both the oxidation capacity of the lead electrode and the morphology of the deposited lead sulfate. In cathodic scanning however, it is found that the specific oxidation current flows only when the sodium sulfate is added to the solution. EC-AFM images before and after the specific oxidation don't change, suggesting that this specific oxidation does not occur at the surface of the electrode. XRD results suggest that this specific oxidation corresponds to the electrochemical reaction (from Pb to PbSO4). We considered that the lead sulfate crystals holding at the potential range of specific oxidation contain sodium, resulting in higher electric conductivity of lead sulfate, which causes this specific oxidation.
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