Abstract
Exciton-polaritons are quasiparticles consisting of a linear superposition of photonic and excitonic states, offering potential for nonlinear optical devices. The excitonic component of the polariton provides a finite Coulomb scattering cross section, such that the different types of exciton found in organic materials (Frenkel) and inorganic materials (Wannier-Mott) produce polaritons with different interparticle interaction strength. A hybrid polariton state with distinct excitons provides a potential technological route towards in situ control of nonlinear behaviour. Here we demonstrate a device in which hybrid polaritons are displayed at ambient temperatures, the excitonic component of which is part Frenkel and part Wannier-Mott, and in which the dominant exciton type can be switched with an applied voltage. The device consists of an open microcavity containing both organic dye and a monolayer of the transition metal dichalcogenide WS2. Our findings offer a perspective for electrically controlled nonlinear polariton devices at room temperature.
Highlights
Exciton-polaritons are quasiparticles consisting of a linear superposition of photonic and excitonic states, offering potential for nonlinear optical devices
For the recently emerged class of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) the exciton classification is not trivial since the exciton binding energy can be as high as 700 meV
The cavity consists of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) with WS2 flakes on the low refractive index terminated side and a small silver mirror covered with a thin layer of the organic dye (Fig. 1a–c)
Summary
Exciton-polaritons are quasiparticles consisting of a linear superposition of photonic and excitonic states, offering potential for nonlinear optical devices. The excitonic component of the polariton provides a finite Coulomb scattering cross section, such that the different types of exciton found in organic materials (Frenkel) and inorganic materials (Wannier-Mott) produce polaritons with different interparticle interaction strength. Exciton-polaritons result from strongly coupling an optical cavity mode to electronic transitions with reversible energy exchange between the two[1,2] Polaritons inherit properties such as the delocalized photonic wavefunction and finite excitonic mass from their constituents. The change in the spectral position alters the relative mixing of Frenkel and WM excitons within polariton states, allowing for in situ control of polariton properties such as mobility and scattering cross section
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