Abstract
SUMMARY Fetal anemia could be a devastating condition to the fetus. The main cause of fetal anemia is red-cell alloimmunization. The standard of care for this condition has been the serial amniocentesis to measure bilirubin levels by spectrophotometry of the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid bilirubin measurements are of limited value in the second trimester and in other causes of fetal anemia, besides amniocentesis is an invasive method with fetal risk. During the last 10 to 12 years a non invasive method to predict fetal anemia become available: measurement of the peak systolic velocity of the middle cerebral artery. Increased velocity may reflect fetal anemia. Here we present the evidence to support the use of this non invasive method to replace amniocentesis as the standard care in the management of red-cell alloimmunization and other causes of fetal anemia.
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