Efficient upgrading of distribution networks with HTS cables

Abstract

The characteristics of the latest generation High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cables make them very attractive for utilities. Thanks to the technical advantages, HTS cables can solve network bottlenecks and upgrade distribution networks in a very efficient way. Today’s distribution networks face enormous challenges. The continuous growth in electricity consumption leads to transmission of more electric energy over the networks. The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources and other distributed sources in the energy supply in distribution networks leads to numerous technical bottlenecks. The advantages to be enjoyed by applying HTS cables are: transport of much more power at a lower voltage level, very low energy losses, fault current limitation (FCL) and no negative thermal and Electro Magnetic (EM) influence on other infrastructures. Besides that, HTS technology is very environmental friendly. HTS cables produce almost no EMemissions, a significant reduction in CO2 emission can be achieved due to the low energy losses and there is no risk of leakage of harmful materials, like SF6 or oil. Nowadays the costs of superconducting material, which are dominating in the cost structure of HTS cables, are rather high. But, with the development of the technology and a growing market, considerable price reduction can be expected already in the near future. The Dutch DSO Alliander is working together with Ultera (joint venture of nkt cables and Southwire) on the installation of a 6 km long HTS cable in downtown Amsterdam. It will solve a capacity bottleneck by strengthening the backbone grid of the City of Amsterdam.