Abstract
In this article, the conceptualization, design, development, and real-field validation of a photovoltaic (PV)-based single-phase microinverter (SP <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $</tex-math> </inline-formula> I) to address three major challenges of rural standalone PV-based electrical systems: 1) to perform efficiently over a wide range of input voltage variations/irradiance; 2) maintains system efficiency within a satisfactory limit even under lightly loaded conditions; and 3) robust and stable operation under harsh/outdoor operating environments has been done. The developed novel dual-stage SP <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math> </inline-formula> I adapts the benefits of the interleaved dc–dc boost converter for 180 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> phase-shifted harmonic cancellation and integration of voltage doubler circuit benefits in lessened transformer’s turn ratio with decreased flux leakage, thus resulting in improved energy conversion efficiency at a reduced magnetic size and Si-GaN. Furthermore, adapted high-and low-frequency switching at the first and second legs of the full-bridge converter, respectively, ensures minimized switching losses even at lightly loaded conditions. Based on a per watt comparison to a 500-W inverter, the proposed SP <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math> </inline-formula> I achieves 6.16% and 8.5% higher efficiency at 100% and 10% loading, respectively, at a reduced cost of 9.33% and an increased return on investment (ROI) of 12.23%.
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