Abstract
The article compares the properties of multilayer composite wear-resistant coatings of Zr–ZrN–(Zr, Mo, Al)N, Ti–TiN–(Ti, Mo, Al)N, and Cr–CrN–(Cr, Mo, Al)N. The investigation was focused on hardness, resistance to fracture during scratch tests, elemental composition, and structure of the coatings. Experiments were carried out to study the wear resistance of coated carbide tools during the turning of 1045 steel and of NiCr20TiAl heat-resistant nickel alloy. With the elemental compositions identical in the content of molybdenum (Mo) and aluminium (Al), identical thicknesses and nanolayer periods of λ, the coatings being studied demonstrated a noticeable difference in wear resistance. Both during the turning of steel and nickel-based alloy, the highest wear resistance was detected for tools with the Zr–ZrN–(Zr, Mo, Al)N coating (the tool life was 3–5 times higher than for uncoated tools). The good wear resistance of the Zr–ZrN–(Zr, Mo, Al)N coating may be related to the optimal combination of hardness and plasticity and the active formation of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) on the coating surface during the cutting, with good tribological and protective properties.
Highlights
The application of wear-resistant coatings made it possible to considerably increase the efficiency of the cutting process and prolong the tool life
(data obtained during previous studies of coatings of a similar composition by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) method)
The highest wear rate was detected for the tool with Coating M2 (VBmax was reached after 10 min of cutting), the tool with Coating M3 reached VBmax after 12 min of cutting, and the tool with Coating M1 remained operational during 15 min of cutting
Summary
The application of wear-resistant coatings made it possible to considerably increase the efficiency of the cutting process and prolong the tool life. The development of technologies for mechanical processing and the creation of high-performance equipment of a new generation requires an enhancement of the operational characteristics of metalcutting tools. One of the ways to ensure such enhancement is to develop wear-resistance coatings with improved properties. Such improvement of properties is possible due to the use of coatings with the optimal composition and architecture, as well as the development of progressive equipment and coating techniques. The above requirements influence the selection of the coating composition, which should provide the maximum hardness and wear resistance and retain those properties at high temperatures, with good barrier properties as for interdiffusion with the material being machined. The effective resistance to the oxidation process may be ensured both due to an increase in the temperature level at which the active formation of oxides begins and due to a formation of stable and continuous oxide films
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