Efficacy of injectable platelet-rich plasma in reducing alveolar bone resorption following rapid maxillary expansion: A cone-beam computed tomography assessment in a randomized split-mouth controlled trial.

Abstract

To evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with its growth factors in minimizing the side effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the periodontal tissue of anchoring teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A randomized, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted on 18 patients aged 12-16 years (14 ± 1.65) with a skeletal maxillary constriction who underwent RME using a Hyrax appliance. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: intervention and control sides. PRP was prepared and injected on the buccal aspect of supporting teeth in the intervention group. High-resolution CBCT imaging (H-CBCT) was carried out preoperatively (T0) and after 3 months of retention (T1) to study the buccal bone plate thickness (BBPT) and buccal bone crest level (BBCL) of anchoring teeth. Changes induced by expansion were evaluated using paired sample t-test (P < .05). Results showed that there was no significant difference in BBPT and BBCL between the two groups after RME (P > .05). The prevalence of dehiscence and fenestrations was increased at (T1) in both groups and the percentage was higher in the PRP group. RME induced vertical and horizontal bone loss. PRP did not minimize alveolar defects after RME.