Efficacy and safety of perampanel oral loading in postanoxic super-refractory status epilepticus: A pilot study.

Abstract

Refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) occurs in 10%-30% of patients following resuscitation after cardiac arrest. Both the optimal treatment and prognosis of postanoxic status epilepticus remain uncertain. We analyzed acute electroencephalographic changes, neurological outcome at 3months, and adverse effects in consecutive postanoxic patients with super-refractory NCSE treated with add-on oral loading of perampanel. Eight postanoxic patients with super-refractory NCSE were treated with perampanel (dose range = 6-12mg). All patients had continuous electroencephalographic monitoring showing definite generalized NCSE and favorable multimodal prognostic indicators (presence of brainstem reflexes, presence of bilateral N20 responses, absence of periodic discharges/generalized epileptic periodic discharges). In six patients (75%), status epilepticus resolved within 72hours after administration of perampanel, without changing the comedication. Neurological outcomes at 3months were return to normal or minimal disability in four patients (50%). A mild cholestatic liver injury, which required no specific treatment, was observed in five patients (62.5%). Perampanel 6-12mg oral loading appeared to be an effective option in selected patients with postanoxic super-refractory NCSE with good prognostic indicators. In this patient population, our safety data indicate a risk of cholestasis.