Abstract
The expression of avian &beta;-defensins (AvBDs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and vitamin D receptor (VDR) following in vivo vitamin D<sub>3 </sub>injection was studied. Healthy 90-day Silky Fowls were abdominally injected with vitamin D<sub>3</sub> or untreated. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that injection of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> significantly (P &lt; 0.05) up-regulated the expression of TLRs (TLR2, TLR5), VDR, AvBDs (AVBD-6, GAL-1), and 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) in the tissues (liver, spleen, and kidney) at various times 8&ndash;24 h post injection. These results suggest that expression of VDR, AvBDs, and TLRs seems to be induced by vitamin D<sub>3 </sub>and it was concluded that the tissues expressing TLRs and VDR respond to vitamin D<sub>3</sub> and in turn upregulate these tissues cellular functions to synthesize AvBDs. Intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> likely resulted in enhancing the expression of AvBDs, TLRs, and VDR, which providedinsight into factors important for the control of the innateimmune response in the chickens.
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