Abstract
Objective To observe the effects of different manual acupuncture (MA) manipulation on gastric electrical amplitude and frequency for noradrenaline-induced bradygastria in rabbits. Methods A total of 60 rabbits were randomly allocated into six groups: four MA manipulation groups; reinforcing by twisting the manipulation group (FTG), reducing by twisting the manipulation group (RTG), reinforcing by lifting and thrusting the manipulation group (FLG), and reducing by lifting and thrusting the manipulation group (RLG), a control group (CG), and a model group (MG). The total treatment time length was 45 minutes. The bradygastria was induced via administration of noradrenaline via the marginal ear vein of the rabbits at 5 minutes from baseline, and the bradygastria model was established at 12 minutes from baseline. The rabbits in the four MA manipulation groups received different stimulation parameters at ST36 (Zusanli) for a duration of 3 minutes in accordance with their respective group allocation. The needles were then retained without further manipulation for a further 25 minutes. Gastric electrical amplitude and frequency were recorded using a data acquisition system (Biopac System MP150) at five different time points: baseline (for a duration of 5 minutes), after the bradygastria model was established at 12 minutes from baseline (for a duration of 5 minutes), during MA manipulation commencing at 17 minutes from baseline (for a duration of 3 minutes), 5 minutes after MA manipulation at 25 minutes from baseline (for a duration of 5 minutes), and at 20 minutes following MA manipulation at 40 minutes from baseline (for a duration of 5 minutes). Results After noradrenaline induction, gastric electrical frequency levels in MA and MG groups were significantly decreased compared to the CG group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes to gastric electrical amplitude (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes to gastric electrical amplitude (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes to gastric electrical amplitude (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes to gastric electrical amplitude (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes to gastric electrical amplitude (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes to gastric electrical amplitude (Conclusion All four variations of MA manipulations have a recovery effect on the gastric electrical frequency of rabbits with bradygastria. In particular, results indicated that FTG, RTG, and FLG at ST36 may have a regular and significant recovery trend through the whole process of the acupuncture intervention.
Highlights
With a history of more than 2000 years, acupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a practice that has accumulated rich theoretical and clinical experiences [1] and has been widely used around the world
Several studies have confirmed that different acupuncture manipulation techniques produce different bioelectric effects: acupuncture manipulation can cause the excitement of receptors in afferent nerves affecting the nervous system, stimulate signals affecting the central nervous system’s integration and alternation of electrical signals, and affect microcirculation blood perfusion to the local skin and temperature on the acupoint’s area [7,8,9]
Gastric Electrical Amplitude. ere was no statistically significant difference between the comparison of gastric electrical amplitude in the control group (CG) and model group (MG) at all five time points. e results indicated that noradrenaline had little effect on the changes of gastric electrical amplitude (P > 0.05). ere was no statistically significant difference between the four manipulation groups and MG at all five time (P > 0.05)
Summary
With a history of more than 2000 years, acupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a practice that has accumulated rich theoretical and clinical experiences [1] and has been widely used around the world. Acupuncture has yet to be accepted as a treatment in conventional medicine, owing to the present lack of understanding of the scientific mechanisms that explain its efficacy [3]. Ere are many MA manipulation techniques, such as lifting, thrusting, twisting, etc, which may be used in a variety of combinations to achieve different therapeutic effects. Acupuncture manipulation and stimulation frequency play a major role in the delivery of specific therapeutic effects [4, 5]. Most research has focused on acupoint specificity, less on exploring the effect of acupuncture manipulation [6]. Further research is necessary to establish the mechanisms behind the treatment effect of acupuncture
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