Effects of Short-Term Acclimatization to Altitude (3200 m) on Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise Performance

Abstract

Aerobic exercise performance decreases upon ascent to altitude whereas anaerobic performance remains unchanged. Although the effects of 1 - 3 wk of altitude acclimatization on both aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance have been well studied, the effects of short-term altitude acclimatization (i.e., 45 h) on these parameters have not been well defined. Therefore, both aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance was evaluated in five healthy men (51.4 +/- 7.7 years, 175 +/- 4.2 cm, and 73.8 +/- 6.1 kg) at low altitude (LA, 600 m), upon acute exposure (approximately 1 - 3 h) to 3200 m (HA1) and on the third day of altitude exposure (HA3, 3200 m). Subjects performed three consecutive exercise tests, separated by approximately 1 - 3 h of rest, of various durations (i.e., 30 s, 5 min, and 50 min) on a cycle ergometer in each environmental condition. Anaerobic cycling performance (i. e., 30 s) was the same at LA, HA1, and HA3. Aerobic cycling performance (i. e., 5 min and 50 min) was reduced by 12.0 and 11.3 %, respectively, upon acute exposure to altitude. There was no change in the 5-min cycling performance but the 50-min cycling performance improved by 5.7 % from HA1 to HA3 which implies a 50 % recovery of the initial loss. These findings are important for individuals going to high altitude for work, for athletic competition, or recreation.