Abstract
The success rate of assisted reproductive technology is closely correlated with maternal age. Reproductive aging pathologies are frequently caused by impaired DNA repair, genomic instability, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Several reports have shown that resveratrol can prevent age-related diseases by improving mitochondrial function. Improved blastocyst development and mitochondrial output by dichloroacetic acid (DCA) supplementation were reported in aged mice. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has significant effects on implantation rates in women with previous miscarriages. Therefore, this study was conducted to observe how those compounds influence the developmental and the reproductive potential of aged oocytes. BDF1 female mice at 58–62 weeks old were used for this study. MII oocytes were fertilized and cultured in MRC media supplemented with or without resveratrol (0.5 μM), GM-CSF (2 ng/ml) or DCA (1.0 mM). The addition of resveratrol, GM-CSF or DCA tended to increase blastocyst development and pregnancy rates. Supplementation with resveratrol significantly increased the pregnancy and implantation rates (p < 0.05). Moreover, resveratrol decreased reactive oxygen species production and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. These results suggest that the addition of resveratrol can increase pregnancy outcomes in women of advanced maternal age.
Highlights
Due to recent lifestyle changes, many women are delaying childbearing and it is associated with an increased risk of infertility [1]
A dose-response trial was performed using young mice to determine the appropriate concentrations of resveratrol because different effective concentrations of resveratrol have been reported
Studies have reported that reproductive capacity and oocytes were affected by old age, resulting in poor quality oocytes and mitochondrial dysfunction [2, 6, 23]
Summary
Due to recent lifestyle changes, many women are delaying childbearing and it is associated with an increased risk of infertility [1]. Previous studies have suggested that the reproductive capacity in women of advanced maternal age is significantly lower than that in women under 35 years of age [2,3,4]. The major factors in the reproductive capacity of older patients are the decrease in oocyte quality, low fertilization rate, poor embryonic development, low pregnancy rate, and increased rate of chromosomal aberrations. These can lead to increased aneuploidy, miscarriage, and birth defects [2, 5]. Various aspects of those pathologies require further studies because understanding the mechanisms of reproductive aging is essential to improving the pregnancy rates in advanced age women
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