Effects of Parental Involvement during Prenatal and Postnatal Periods on Infants’ Social and Cognitive Development in South Korea

Background: South Korea or the Republic of Korea has an area of 100,412.6 km2, and population of 52 million (51,781,000). Methods: Besides our lifetime experiences in receiving training, teaching, and practicing psychiatry, the authors collected information from the literature pertinent to the mental health care in South Korea. This review is intended to familiarize the readers of the Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry with the information of mental health-care service as well as research and development (R and D) in South Korea. Results: Despite consistent improvement in the overall health status in Korea, the mental health status of the population is low compared with other countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). For example, Korea has the highest suicide-related mortality and more years of life lost due to mental/behavioral diseases, compared to those of the average and a longer-than-average duration of hospital stay, respectively, of the OECD. Conversely, the government has made efforts to overhaul the mental health system. Several remarkable changes have been made in the areas of community-based service, involuntary admission, and unequal treatment. Conclusion: The mental health status is closely associated with the mental health service system, prevalence of mental disorders, health insurance system, admission system, and R and D budget for mental health. To change attitudes related to mental health, strong leadership among mental health professionals is urgently needed.

Much scholarship on East Asian development has sidelined the crucial role of geopolitics by insisting that wars such as the Vietnam War had limited effects on industrial development and economic growth patterns. We find such arguments unpersuasive, and also unduly reductionist. The Vietnam War, in particular, had unambiguously powerful effects on industrial development in South Korea; but even in cases where the direct effects of war were somewhat less spectacular, such as Taiwan, the reasons for the differences were themselves deeply geopolitical and expressive of decision-making processes centered on the Vietnam War. In this paper, we explore the differential effects of such geopolitical decision-making by contrasting the development trajectories of the Ulsan and Kaohsiung industrial zones during the war period. We show, in addition, that the subsequent development of industrial projects in South Korea and Taiwan has continued to bear some of the marks of Vietnam War-era geopolitical economy.

With an increase in life expectancy, rising healthcare costs have burdened public finances. While some illnesses progress rapidly, others can be controlled by improving the quality of daily life. This chapter outlines an analysis of digital healthcare development in South Korea. Given the aging population, the healthcare industry has been expanding to support people in the pre-patient stage. Notable among them is the mHealth industry that involves the use of mobile devices. The present discussion of social issues, policies, regulations, and case studies facilitates an understanding of the industry’s formation and potential. A case study examines the utilization of the mobile healthcare services provided by public health centers in South Korea as the base model and the use of mHealth during COVID-19. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the potential of the government’s mHealth model.KeywordsmHealthRegulationPolicyPublic private partnershipHealthcare

""Foundations of Life: Developmental Psychology of Birth and Postpartum"" explores the critical stages of human development from conception through the postpartum period. This book provides a comprehensive examination of how these stages shape lifelong cognitive, emotional, and social development, bridging academic research with practical applications to support parents, infants, and healthcare professionals. The book begins by delving into prenatal development, emphasizing the interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. It explores how maternal health, nutrition, stress levels, and exposure to environmental toxins can significantly influence fetal development and long-term outcomes. For instance, maternal stress during pregnancy has been linked to increased risks of neurodevelopmental disorders in children. By understanding these influences, the book aims to highlight the importance of prenatal care and early interventions that can optimize developmental trajectories. It stresses the necessity for regular prenatal check-ups, proper nutrition, and stress management techniques for expectant mothers. The psychological and physiological processes during birth are examined in detail. Various birthing methods and their potential complications are discussed, with a focus on their impact on both the mother and the child. For example, the mode of delivery (vaginal birth versus cesarean section) can influence the newborn’s microbiome, which has implications for immune development and overall health. The book provides insights into how the birth process can affect psychological and developmental outcomes, emphasizing the need for preparation and support during this critical period. It also addresses the importance of pain management, the role of birth attendants, and the immediate postpartum practices that support bonding and recovery. The postpartum period is characterized by significant changes and challenges for both mothers and infants. The book explores the importance of maternal mental health during this time, addressing conditions such as postpartum depression and anxiety. It discusses the impact of these conditions on maternal caregiving behaviors and child development, underscoring the need for early detection and intervention to support maternal and infant well-being. The book highlights how postpartum depression can affect mother-infant bonding, breastfeeding success, and the infant’s emotional and cognitive development. It also emphasizes the importance of social support, counseling, and, when necessary, pharmacological treatments to support mothers during this period. Secure attachment between caregiver and infant is crucial for healthy emotional and social development. The book highlights the role of caregiver sensitivity and responsiveness in fostering secure attachment patterns. It discusses the long-term implications of early attachment on social relationships, emotional regulation, and cognitive development. For example, securely attached children tend to perform better in school, exhibit healthier social behaviors, and cope better with stress. The book also explores different attachment styles (secure, avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized) and their origins in early caregiving practices. It provides strategies for caregivers to enhance attachment security, such as responsive feeding, consistent emotional availability, and nurturing touch. The book presents evidence-based interventions that promote healthy development and reduce adverse outcomes. These interventions encompass various domains, including cognitive, emotional, social, and physical development. For instance, early educational programs like Head Start have been shown to improve cognitive outcomes in children from disadvantaged backgrounds. The importance of early detection of developmental delays is emphasized, along with the implementation of targeted therapies such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy. The book discusses how regular developmental screenings can identify delays early, allowing for timely and effective interventions that can make a significant difference in a child’s developmental trajectory. By integrating insights from psychology, biology, sociology, and medicine, the book offers a holistic perspective on early human development. It underscores the need for comprehensive care that addresses the multifaceted nature of development, recognizing that biological, psychological, and social factors are deeply interconnected. The book advocates for policies and practices that support maternal and infant health, such as parental leave, access to healthcare, and community-based support programs. It also highlights the importance of collaboration among healthcare providers, educators, and policymakers to create environments that promote optimal developmental outcomes for all children. Through its detailed exploration of the prenatal and postpartum periods, ""Foundations of Life: Developmental Psychology of Birth and Postpartum"" aims to enhance the understanding of these critical stages and provide practical guidance for supporting healthy development in both parents and infants.

Previous articleNext article No AccessArticlesElectoral Behavior and Social Development in South Korea: An Aggregate Data Analysis of Presidential ElectionsJae-on Kim and B. C. KohJae-on Kim Search for more articles by this author and B. C. Koh Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Politics Volume 34, Number 3Aug., 1972 Sponsored by the Southern Political Science Association Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/2129284 Views: 44Total views on this site Citations: 10Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1972 Southern Political Science AssociationPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Olli Hellmann High capacity, low resilience: The ‘developmental’ state and military–bureaucratic authoritarianism in South Korea, International Political Science Review 39, no.11 (May 2017): 67–82.https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512117692643Randall Morck, Bernard Yin Yeung East Asian Financial and Economic Development, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2017).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3036250Ji Yeon Hong, Sunkyoung Park Factories for Votes? How Authoritarian Leaders Gain Popular Support Using Targeted Industrial Policy, British Journal of Political Science 46, no.33 (Sep 2014): 501–527.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123414000349Eunjung Choi Political Issues, Generation Gap, and Voting Behavior in South Korea: The 2010 Seoul Mayoral Election, East Asia 30, no.44 (Oct 2013): 237–254.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12140-013-9197-4Jennifer Lind Democratization and Stability in East Asia1, International Studies Quarterly 55, no.22 (May 2011): 409–436.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00652.xMichael C. HerronJasjeet S. Sekhon Black Candidates and Black Voters: Assessing the Impact of Candidate Race on Uncounted Vote Rates, The Journal of Politics 67, no.11 (Jul 2015): 154–177.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00312.xByoung Man Ahn, Susan A. MacManus, Marian Lief Palley The return of local autonomy: An analysis of South Korea's 1991 Local Elections, Journal of East and West Studies 24, no.11 (Apr 1995): 1–16.https://doi.org/10.1080/12265089508422841DAVID BRADY, JONGRYN MO Electoral Systems and Institutional Choice, Comparative Political Studies 24, no.44 (Jun 2016): 405–429.https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414092024004001Jongryn Mo, David Brady, Jaehun Ro Urbanization and voter turnout in Korea: An update, Political Behavior 13, no.11 (Mar 1991): 21–32.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00996997 Michael R. Coveyou , and David G. Pfeiffer Education and Voting Turnout of Blacks in the 1968 Presidential Election, The Journal of Politics 35, no.44 (Oct 2015): 995–1001.https://doi.org/10.2307/2129217

This paper is a brief account of ‘miraculous’ economic development in postwar South Korea. The paper provides a short appraisal of existing perspectives regarding Korean economic development and discusses how three recent military regimes utilized current opportunities in relation to the international political economy situation and Korean society including its Confucian culture. Focus is given to the ways in which military regimes have constantly pursued development as a way of justifying their regimes. While pursuing growth and exported-oriented policies, the regimes in South Korea adopted a tight control over industrial relations and a low wage policy towards its work force.

This paper aims to analyze South Korea's development efforts by looking at the two differences between the state-centered and social-centered approaches. Both have different views from each other, but this is what the author tries to use to describe the process of South Korea's economic development during the Park Cung-Hee administration amidst the intervention of capitalist groups. Development is divided into three important phases; preconstruction, stabilization, and rapid development with a development strategy within a certain period of time and industrialization in many sectors. In the process, South Korea emphasizes the role of the government and other stakeholders who have a major role in the country's economic development, although in the midst of its development there are internal obstacles experienced by South Korea, South Korea actually shows its economic success today.

1. Introduction: The Salience of Family Factors in Children's School Experiences William Jeynes Summaries of the Effects of Parental Style and Parental Involvement 2. Parenting Styles: The impact on student achievement Lola Brown and Shrinidhi Iyengar 3. Families, their children's education, and the public school: An historical review Diana Hiatt-Michael 4. Father Involvement and Children's Early Learning: A Critical Review of Published Empirical Work from the Past 15 Years Jason Downer, Rodrigo Campos, Christine McWayne, and Tara Gartner Parental Involvement and the Academic Achievement of Hispanic Students 5. Community Literacy Resources and Home Literacy practices among Immigrant Latino Families Leslie Reese and Claude Goldenberg 6. Examining Famial-Based Academic Success Factors in Urban High School Students: The Case of Puerto Rican Female High Achievers Rene Antrop-Gonzalez, William Velez, and Tomas Garrett 7. Expectations, Aspirations, and Achievement among Latino Students of Immigrant Families Dick M. Carpenter II Education & Religion as a means of improving family life 8. Family, denomination and the adolescent worldview: an empirical enquiry among 13- to 15-year-old females in England and Wales Leslie J. Francis 9. The Influence of Religion on Latino Education, Marriage, and Social Views in the United States Gaston Espinosa Parental Involvement as a Means of Improving the Quality of Life 10. Increased Family Involvement in School Predicts Improved Child-Teacher Relationships and Feelings about School for Low-income Children Eric Dearing, Holly Kreider, and Heather B. Weiss 11. Effects Of Parental Involvement On Experiences of Discrimination And Bullying William H. Jeynes Improving Parental Involvement & Building Partnerships 12. How Parents and Teachers View their School Communities Sam Redding 13. Altering the Curriculum of the Home: Learning Environments for Korean and U.S. Students Susan J. Paik 14. Caregiver Engagement in Religious Urban Elementary Schools Martin Scanlan 15. High School Family Centers: Transformative Spaces Linking Schools and Families in Support of Student Learning Karen L. Mapp, Vivian R. Johnson, Carol Sills Strickland, and Catherine Meza 16. Families Home Schooling in a Virtual Charter School System Carol Klein and Mary Poplin

Purpose– This paper aims to examine the distinctiveness of South Korean social enterprises from a historical institutionalism perspective. From this perspective, the author focuses on the proactive roles played by the government in the process of emergence and formulation of social enterprises in South Korea. The author roots this paper in the concept of the developmental state and examines how this concept applies to newly emerging social enterprises in South Korea.Design/methodology/approach– This paper first introduces the process of South Korean social enterprises’ emergence as an independent phenomenon. The author explains the process with a link to governmental actions, such as the introduction of public programs and government acts. Second, this paper introduces the concept of developmental state which captures the proactive role of the state in social, economic and political development in South Korea. Third, this paper applies the institutional framework proposed by Kerlin (2013) to see how the South Korean social enterprise model can be located from a comparative perspective and how the South Korean model can contribute to the expansion of the existing framework.Findings– This paper finds that the state involvement in South Korea is a reflection of the historical path of the developmental state. The cross-comparison of South Korean social enterprises from a historical institutionalist approach finds that the South Korean case may contribute to the ongoing scholarly debate by suggesting taking a Weberian ideal type of an interventionist state into account for an extension of the proposed framework. This paper also uncovered the strategic approach of the South Korean Government in utilizing this public policy tool by adopting and combining existing social enterprise models.Research limitations/implications– This paper demonstrates the state’s intents to mobilize economic and societal resources as public policy intervention tools, which can be understood from a developmental state context. This role would be distinct when compared to those in Europe and the USA. This paper has a limitation to restrict its analytical scope to formally recognized social enterprises because it focuses on the role of the state in utilizing social enterprises for public policy agenda: social development and social welfare provision.Practical implications– As a practical implication, this study might provide an insightful framework for South Korean public policy makers, outlining the contributions and limitations of state-led public policies associated with social enterprises. As seen in the historical path of governmental interventions, governmental public policies do not necessarily guarantee their sustainable community impacts without the consideration of private or nonprofit actors’ spontaneous involvements. The flip side of state-led interventions requires policy makers to become more cautious, as they address social problems with public policy intents.Originality/value– The majority of current studies on social enterprises in South Korea mainly focus on reporting the quantitative increase in the number of registered social enterprises. Beyond this quantitative description of its achievement, this paper also provides a historical narration and philosophical background of this phenomenon. Additionally, it shows how this artificial government intervention in social enterprises could be accepted from a historical perspective and brought remarkable responses from the private and civil society sectors in South Korea.

Patient safety is an important issue in health systems worldwide. A systematic review of previous studies on patient safety culture in Southeast Asian countries is necessary for South Korea's partnership with these countries, especially given South Korea's assistance in strengthening the health systems of these developing countries. Studies on patient safety culture in Southeast Asian countries, published in English and Thai languages, were retrieved from computerized databases using keywords through a manual search. Data extraction, quality assessment, and analyses were performed using several tools. The review included 21 studies conducted in Indonesia (n = 8), Thailand (n = 5), Malaysia (n = 3), Vietnam (n = 2), Singapore (n = 1), and the Philippines (n = 1). They were analyzed and categorized into 12 dimensions of safety culture, and differences in response rate or scores were identified compared to the mean of the dimensions. The heterogeneous of safety culture's situation among Southeast Asian countries, both in practice and in research, can be explained since patient safety policy and its application are not prioritized as much as they are in developed countries in the priority compared to the developed countries. However, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Laos are the priority countries for South Korea's official healthcare development assistance in the Southeast Asia region. Vietnam, for instance, is an economically transitioning country; therefore, consolidated patient safety improvement by inducing patient safety culture in the provincial and central health system as well as strengthening project formulation to contribute to health policy formation are needed for sustainable development of the partner countries' health systems. It is recommended that more evidence-based proactive project planning and implementation be conducted to integrate patient safety culture into the health systems of developing countries, toward health policy on patient safety and quality service for the attainment of sustainable development goals in South Korea's development cooperation.

Objective: This is research about R&D productivity improvement for sustainable development in South Korea. Recently, there are increasing the considerable importance of R&D productivity for industry and corporation. Theoretical Framework: The R&D productivity index has become an essential factor for sustainable development estimation. For processing, research capital must be estimated firstly. At this time, the research capital is determined basically by the R&D investment and R&D depreciation rate made at each point or year. Therefore, in order to estimate the amount of research capital, firstly the R&D depreciation rate should be estimated that is fitted in proper phase of technology. Method: We can find a depreciation of R&D manufacture industry. The research data used the Korea Evaluation Data (KODATA) in collaboration with the Korea Productivity Center to reflect the technical factors of Korean companies as much as possible. The possibility of using the depreciation rate in this income-maximizing model can be confirmed that use sample of 1,233 and period in 2015-2019 of pre-COVID-19. Results and Discussion: South Korea should consider the fact that investment in the IT and ICT sectors accounts for a high proportion and that the proportion of leading industries is higher than that of the entire industry. In addition, considering that the share of the manufacturing industry is the highest among OECD countries, a separate consideration of the difference from 43.85% will be necessary Research Implication: Skill-intensified counties should consider proper R&D depreciation index that can affect the R&D productivity result. Value: For sustainable development, it is need to take exact R&D depreciation that raise R&D productivity. and this is associated with economic development.

The use of public resources and powers for particularistic purposes and interests serves as a useful (though not all encompassing) starting point for the definition of corruption.1 This definition ...

Economic development in South Korea and Taiwan has received considerable scholarly attention, as they are two of the most successful cases since the 1960s. For all their similarities, differences also exist. Thus, we revisited economic development in South Korea and Taiwan to draw lessons for other developing countries. Our analysis indicates that no single development model will work in every country. Countries may learn from the successful cases but need to adjust the development model according to their political and economic conditions.

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to analyze virtual social interaction and empathy development in South Korea. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Studies in South Korea show that virtual social interactions, especially through immersive VR experiences, enhance empathy development. Programs like Our Neighbor Hero increased prosocial behavior, while high immersion and perspective-taking in VR strengthened empathetic responses. These findings highlight VR’s potential in empathy education. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social presence theory, media richness theory & social learning theory may be used to anchor future studies on the virtual social interaction and empathy development in South Korea. Educators, mental health professionals, and organizational leaders are encouraged to adopt multi-modal digital communication strategies that incorporate video conferencing, instant messaging, social media engagement, and online collaborative tools. Funding should be allocated toward research and the development of technologies that not only support mental health initiatives but also foster inclusive, empathetic digital communities

Souch Korea's rapid economic development in the 20th century had in its core women's employment in labor-intensive, export industries. This paper examines South Korea's economic development through the lens of women's employment and gender empowerment. Although women's empowerment was not part of a goal of South Korea's development, large mobilization of women in the exporting light manufacturing sector eventually led to women's empowerment. Using OECD/DAC's guidelines on gender mainstreaming and gender equality, the paper examines how the Souch Korean experience can provide an alternative to women's empowerment in developing countries. We conclude that there has to be greater sensitivity to address gender-related issues including gender-mainstreaming and gender-sensitive budgets in order to help women attain economic as well as political empowerment in development cooperation.