Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an annual herb used as organic (green) manure and has medicinal applications. Organic fertilizers are used in sustainable agriculture of vegetables. Sources of organic manure and their effects on growth and yield characteristics of plants need to be determined. Effects of vermicompost and vermiwash were determined on qualitative and quantitative factors of chemical content, development and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-gaecum L.) from May to July 2012 at Agriculture College of University Guilan. A completely randomized block design with 3 replications was used. Treatments included 7 t/ha of cow manure, vermicompost, vermiwash (obtained from 7 t/ha vermicompost); 7 t/ha of leachate vermicompost + vermiwash and a control (no fertilization). Use of organic fertilizers beneficially affected plant height, pod length, pod fresh and dry mass, 1000-seed mass, plant fresh and dry mass, internode length and percents of leaves protein and nitrogen. Use of organic fertilizers may increase yield and yield components of fenugreek and its yield efficiency.
Highlights
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-gaecum L.) is an annual herb used as organic manure and has medicinal applications (Kaviarasan et al, 2007; Bukhari et al 2008; Haouala et al, 2008)
Fertilizer affected plant height, pod length, pod fresh mass, 1000-seed mass, plant fresh mass and internode length; there were no differences between vermicompost types (Tables 2 4)
Organic fertilizers gave the lowest 1000 seed mass, plant fresh mass, plant dry mass, protein and nitrogen content of seed were obtained from control plants; fertilization decreased pod dry mass (Table 2 - 4)
Summary
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-gaecum L.) is an annual herb used as organic (green) manure and has medicinal applications (Kaviarasan et al, 2007; Bukhari et al 2008; Haouala et al, 2008). The garbage earthworm (Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)) digests organic waste and converts it to materials beneficial for plant growth; the final product of its activity is called vermicompost (Gunadi et al, 2002). Vermicompost has high porosity, high potential of uptake and storage of mineral elements, which are gradually released. It has high water holding capacity, and is used in sustainable agriculture of vegetables (Arancon et al, 2004a; Atiyeh et al, 2002). This research was conducted to evaluate effects of sources of organic manure on growth and yield characteristics of fenugreek to identify which is the best for natural antioxidants, total phenol and protein content in seed
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