Abstract
Effects of metal-substitutions on the structural stability and perfection of YBa 2Cu 4O 8 are examined by HRTEM. Substitution of Cu with Fe or Co, as well as Y with Ca, Sm or Gd, brings intergrowth of “123” unit. A small amount of this type of defects are also induced by substitutions of Ba with Sr. Planar defects due to 90°-rotational twinning of (CuO) 2 double chain layers along the c-axis are observed in Y/Ca substituted specimens. Substitution of Cu with Ni, as well as Y with Ho or Er, has little structural effects on the 124 structure.
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