Abstract
为明确小菜蛾幼虫密度对其种群增长的影响, 在室内条件下[温度(22±1) ℃, RH 70%~80%, 光周期 12L∶12D]对不同幼虫密度[1头·皿<sup>-1</sup>、10头·皿<sup>-1</sup>、20头·皿<sup>-1</sup>、30头·皿<sup>-1</sup>、40头·皿<sup>-1</sup>(直径为9 cm)]饲养的小菜蛾生长发育及繁殖进行了研究。结果表明, 幼虫密度对小菜蛾幼虫、蛹的发育历期和存活率、蛹重及成虫生殖等有显著影响。幼虫和蛹历期均以10头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理最短, 且随幼虫密度增加而显著延长。幼虫至蛹的存活率以10头·皿<sup>-1</sup>、20头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理较高, 显著高于1头·皿<sup>-1</sup>和40头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理。蛹重以1头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理最重, 并随幼虫密度的增加而显著变轻。不同幼虫密度下羽化的成虫畸形率差异显著, 以10头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理最低, 其余随幼虫密度的增加而升高。成虫产卵量以1头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理最高, 随着幼虫密度增加, 产卵量逐渐下降。雌、雄蛾寿命分别以40头·皿<sup>-1</sup>、10头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理最长, 密度过高时或过低雌雄蛾寿命显著缩短。生命表分析表明, 幼虫密度对小菜蛾种群增长指数影响显著, 以10头·皿<sup>-1</sup>处理种群增长指数最高, 幼虫密度过高或过低, 种群增长指数下降。因此, 幼虫密度是影响小菜蛾种群增长的重要因子之一。
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