Abstract
ObjectivesThe study evaluated objective and subjective retail display color of ground beef produced from beef trim treated with or without lactic acid dip and stored 24 or 48 h prior to chub packaging and storage for 7, 14, or 21 d.Materials and MethodsGround beef produced from trim treated (TRT) with lactic acid dip (LA) or without (CON) and stored 24 h (24TS) or 48 h (48TS) was used. Samples (n = 84; 21/TRT, TS combination) were chub vacuum packaged (4.54 kg) and stored for 7, 14, or 21 d (CS) and finely ground when storage time completed. Ground beef was placed on a polystyrene tray overwrapped with low-barrier polyvinylchloride film. Packages were displayed for 3 d (2 to 3°C) under continuous fluorescent lighting. CIE L* a* b* values were taken daily during simulated retail display to calculate hue angle (tan–1 a/b) and saturation index [(a2 + b2)1/2]. Trained panelists (n = 6) evaluated worst-point lean color daily during retail display with an 8-point verbally anchored numeric scale with 0.5 increment scores (1 = very bright red, 8 = tan to brown). Data were analyzed as a split plot design with whole plot as a 2 × 2 factorial of TS and TRT and subplot combined CS with retail day.ResultsVisual color scores and L* values differed (P 0.05) across CS, but LA treated chubs were more red (P 0.05) hue angles and were less discolored (P 0.05) between LA and CON within CS after 0 d of display. Saturation index, or vividness, for 7 d stored chubs decreased (P 0.05) within d 2 and 3 of display. At initial display, chubs treated with LA were more vivid (P 0.05) within CS at d 1 and 3 of display. Chubs stored 7 d were more vivid (P 0.05) at d 1, 2, and 3 of display. The vividness of LA treated chubs was greater (P 0.05) within chubs stored 7 and 21 d at retail d 1 and 2 of display, but no redness differences (P > 0.05) within CS were observed at d 3 of display. Saturation index and a* values decreased (P 0.05) between d 2 and 3 of display. L* and b* values indicated LA treated chubs were lighter and more yellow (P < 0.05) than CON. Hue angle indicated 48TS was less red (P < 0.05) than 24TS.ConclusionLonger trim and chub storage is detrimental, but LA combined with other factors can delay discoloration.
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