Abstract
In this study we investigated the effects of jet path on the morphology and mat size of synthetic polystyrene (PS) fibers during the electrospinning process. In addition, the mechanism of the fiber mats, which were prepared by varying the solution concentration, was evaluated. The straight jet length, envelope cone and whipping frequency of each electrospun jet were studied using images captured by a high-speed photography camera. The results showed that higher solution concentrations led to longer straight jet lengths, smaller envelope cones and lower whipping frequencies. The diameter and surface morphology of the PS fibers were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that fibers spun with higher solution concentrations exhibited larger diameters and diameter distributions because of their jet path features. Furthermore, the electrospun jets with higher concentrations increased elongation and produced smaller fiber mats and higher breaking forces as a result of their different jet paths, which was a consequence of varying the solution concentration.
Highlights
Electrospinning, an efficient and popular process and versatile technique, can be used to fabricate nano- and sub-micron fibers from a wide array of polymers [1,2,3]
The solvent evaporates over the jet path, and polymer nanofibers are formed on the collector [6,7,8]
Both the large surface-to-volume ratio property of the electrospun fibers and the interconnected pores in the nanofibrous nonwovens enable the electrospun products to have a myriad of applications
Summary
Electrospinning, an efficient and popular process and versatile technique, can be used to fabricate nano- and sub-micron fibers from a wide array of polymers [1,2,3]. The solvent evaporates over the jet path, and polymer nanofibers are formed on the collector [6,7,8] Both the large surface-to-volume ratio property of the electrospun fibers and the interconnected pores in the nanofibrous nonwovens enable the electrospun products to have a myriad of applications. These applications range from scaffolds for tissue engineering [9] to components of biosensors [10] and energy harvesting devices [11], and dental applications [12,13]
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