Abstract
The Exopalaemon carinicauda could be a useful crustacean laboratory animal in many research fields. We newly established an inbred line of Exopalaemon carinicauda named EC4 inbred line by brother×sister mating and keeping to F11 generation. Trends in heterozygosity in the process of producing EC4 inbred line were examined through the characterization of polymorphisms based on gene frequencies of SNP and EST-SSR loci. The results demonstrated that the number of alleles (N), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and polymorphism information content (PIC) gradually decreased with the increase of inbreeding generations. The genetic detection results indicated that 9 (29.03%, 9/31) of the SNP loci and 15 (32.61%, 15/46) of the EST-SSR loci were homozygous in F11 generation of EC4 inbred line. The variation of the growth-related traits, the immune responses, and antioxidant status were described in experimental full-sibling inbred populations of E. carinicauda at five levels of inbreeding coefficient (F = 0.785, F = 0.816, F = 0.859, F = 0.886, F = 0.908) under controlled laboratory conditions. The body weight, body length, and survival rate in EC4 inbred line of all generations were less than the control population. Inbreeding affected the antibacterial activity, phenoloxidase (PO) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) which decreased at the eleventh generation of EC4 inbred line. This study demonstrated that inbreeding had a negative effect on the economic traits and immune response, but our inbred line was established successfully until F11 and confirmed by genetic detection using SNP and EST-SSR loci.
Highlights
The laboratory animal is the basis and vital condition for life science research
Arthropod species account for over 80 percent of all known living animal species, and the crustacean which belongs to arthropod comprises almost 67,000 described species [5]; the cultivation of crustacean inbred laboratory animals is of great significance for the scientific research of aquatic crustacean
Ren et al found that a high level of inbreeding could severely reduce the immune responses and antioxidant status of P. trituberculatus [20], but Luo et al found no significant effect of inbreeding on survival time after challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) [24]
Summary
The laboratory animal is the basis and vital condition for life science research. Inbred strains of laboratory animal are frequently used to improve the reproducibility, stability, and reliability of animal-based experiments, which provide standardized animal models to have reproducible experimental results using the same material from different researchers around the world [1]. Ren et al found that a high level of inbreeding could severely reduce the immune responses and antioxidant status of P. trituberculatus [20], but Luo et al found no significant effect of inbreeding on survival time after challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) [24]. It is necessary to estimate the likely effects of inbreeding on the fundamental economic traits and physiological health in E. carinicauda to ensure the successful establishment of inbred line. This study examined the genetic characteristics of a new inbred line (EC4 inbred line) by molecular genetic method and investigated the effects of different levels of inbreeding on growth traits, survival, and morphological character for inclusion in the foundation of laboratory animal experiment in E. carinicauda
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