Abstract
Higher g value stimuli (gravitational acceleration more than 1 g and referred as hyper gravity) caused by centrifugation have been shown to inhibit elongation growth of various plants. In the present study, effects of high g values were studied on wheat seeds with and without water medium at the time of exposure to high g values. Wheat seeds (variety: LOK-1) were washed with 0.5% fungicide and then 4-5 times with distilled water (D/W). Seeds were then soaked in D/W for 24 hrs. Two different experiments were performed. In initial experiment, soaked seeds were taken into the centrifuge tubes filled with 1 ml D/W. Seeds were exposed to hypergravity ranging from 500 g to 2500 g for 10 minutes. In another experiment, soaked seeds were taken into the centrifuge tubes without water or any other medium and then exposed to high g values. After exposure seeds were immediately sowed on 0.8% agar gel. Results obtained showed that exposure to high g values suppressed growth in wheat seedlings when seeds were exposed to high g values with water as a medium. Chlorophyll content also decreased with increase in g. However, no change in growth and chlorophyll content were observed when seeds were exposed without water medium up to g values as high as 2500. Thus, effects of high g value stimuli depend not only on how much centrifugal force is applied to the seeds but also depends upon how much force is experienced by the inner part of the seeds. Present observation shows that effective centrifugal force experienced by the seeds is different when applied with and without medium.
Highlights
A high acceleration (g) value, which is referred as hypergravity, can be produced on earth by centrifugation
Effects of high g value stimuli depend on how much centrifugal force is applied to the seeds and depends upon how much force is experienced by the inner part of the seeds
Similar results have been obtained for maize coleoptiles and mesocotyls when 3 days old 20-25 mm long maize seedlings were exposed to hypergravity i.e. 300 g for 6 hrs at 25°C in dark [6] and for azuki bean epicotyls when 5 days old 30-35 mm long azuki bean seedlings were exposed to 300 g for 10 hrs at 25°C in dark [10]
Summary
A high acceleration (g) value, which is referred as hypergravity, can be produced on earth by centrifugation. Similar results have been obtained for maize coleoptiles and mesocotyls when 3 days old 20-25 mm long maize seedlings were exposed to hypergravity i.e. 300 g for 6 hrs at 25°C in dark [6] and for azuki bean epicotyls when 5 days old 30-35 mm long azuki bean seedlings were exposed to 300 g for 10 hrs at 25°C in dark [10]. In these studies, seedlings were exposed to hypergravity and seedlings were either wrapped with tissue paper or mounted on agar gel at the time of exposure to hypergravity. Only one report showed decrease in growth and chlorophyll content in rice where seeds were exposed to hypergravity and seeds were exposed to hypergravity with water as a medium inside the centrifuge tubes at the time of hypergravity exposure [11]
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