Abstract
The study aims at evaluating the efficacy of different doses of powdered stem and leaf parts of Gmelina arborea on Dinoderus porcellus infesting yam chips in Jos metropolis. The experiment was conducted at the Entomology Laboratory of the Federal College of Forestry, Jos. Samples of infested yam chips and Gmelina arborea were collected in Jos metropolis. Newly emerged adult Dinoderus porcellus were exposed to the yam chips which were mixed with different levels of Gmelina arborea parts powder (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g). The setup was monitored for 120 hours and mortality recorded. The study was carried out in a randomized complete design with treatments replicated thrice. Data was analysed using analysis of variance at 1 and 5 percent confidence level and Duncan test was used to separate the means. The results obtained reveal significant differences at p value=0.05 and 0.01. The results reveal that in all the doses, an increase in the amount of the powder resulted in increased incidence of D. porcellus mortality. After 120 hours of exposure, 100 % mortality was recorded from either 15 or 20 g stem bark + leaf powder treatment. From the results obtained, the use of 15 g stem bark+leaf powder of Gmelina arborea could be effective in yam chips preservation which could in turn strengthen food security.
 Keywords: Yam chips; Dioscorea spp; Stem bark; Botanical; Leaf powder
Highlights
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a widely cultivated crop in Nigeria and it accounts for almost 75% of West Africa’s yield (FAO, 1993)
The objective of the current study is to evaluate the mortality effect of stem bark and leaf powders of G. arborea on Dinoderus porcellus
Both the stem bark and leaves of Gmelina arborea were collected in clean polythene bags from the Federal College of Forestry, Jos, Nigeria, and submitted to a herbarium for identification
Summary
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a widely cultivated crop in Nigeria and it accounts for almost 75% of West Africa’s yield (FAO, 1993). The world total production of yam is estimated at 95%, most of which are cultivated across sub Saharan Africa (FAOstat, 2010). D. rotundata (white yam), D. alata (water yam) and D. cayenesis (yellow or guinea yam) are the most produced and consumed in Nigeria (Amusa et al, 2003). Yam is a good source of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins and other essential minerals required by the body (Djeri et al, 2015). Yams are refined into several end products which are consumed in many parts of the tropics. Yam tubers are converted into poultry and livestock feeds, starch and yam flour
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