Abstract
ABSTRACTSorghum variety Longza 17 was used as the experimental organism in a study of the effects of different types of sodium salt (two neutral salts, NaCl and Na2SO4; and two alkaline salts, NaHCO3 and Na2CO3), at an equivalent Na+ concentration (100 mmol·L−1) on leaf growth parameters and PSII and PSI function by using the Fast Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Dynamics technique and 820 nm light reflectance curves. The results showed that at Na+ concentration of 100 mmol·L−1, different types of sodium salt stress significantly inhibited the growth of sorghum plants. Different types of sodium salt stress showed significant inhibition on the activities of PSII and PSI in sorghum leaves, the impact of different types of sodium salt on the activities of PSII and PSI in sorghum leaves was consistent, listed from greatest to least impact as Na2CO3 > NaHCO3 > Na2SO4 > NaCl. The effects of alkaline salt stress on the growth and photosynthetic properties of sorghum were greater than those under the neutral salt stress, therefore, in addition to considering the impact of Na+ concentration in the sorghum planting area, emphasis should also be given to the influence of the degree of alkalization, especially the higher alkalinity of Na2CO3.
Highlights
About 22% of the agricultural land in the world is negatively impacted by saline alkali conditions (BhatnagarMathur et al 2008; Munns and Tester 2008)
The differences in the fresh weights of the above-ground portion of sorghum under the four sodium salt stresses were all significant when compared to CK, but the differences within the two neutral salts and the two alkaline salts were not significant
The increase in VK is considered to be a specific sign of damage to the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) on the electron donor side of PSII (Zhang et al 2017). These results indicated that the oxygenevolving complex (OEC) was affected by different types of sodium salt stress, but the sensitivities showed no significant differences under the stresses of alkaline salts from that of neutral salts
Summary
About 22% of the agricultural land in the world is negatively impacted by saline alkali conditions (BhatnagarMathur et al 2008; Munns and Tester 2008). Because of population growth, industrial pollution, irrational irrigation and excessive fertilization, the area impacted by secondary salinization is still expanding. This is directly attributable to the sharp decline in usable cultivated land area, and seriously threatens both food security and the stability of natural ecosystems in China (Wang et al 2009; Landi et al 2017). The impacts from alkaline salt stress are significantly greater than the effects of neutral salts on plants’ nutrient absorption (Sarkar and Wynjones 1982; Xu et al 2011), photosynthesis (Bai et al 2008), ion balance (Shi and Zhao 1997; Qu and Zhao 2004), reactive oxygen species production (Moradi and Ismail 2007; Zhang et al 2009) and other aspects of crucial physiology
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