Effects of endocrine therapy on lipid metabolism and nutritional status in elderly patients with prostate cancer

Abstract

Objective To analyze effects of androgen deprivation therapy on lipid metabolism and nutritional status in patients with prostate cancer. Methods The clinical data of 255 elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) with prostate cancer who received endocrine therapy and complete follow-up data from January 2010 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The median age of the 255 patients was 76 years(65-92). The average PSA of patients was (58.15±9.62) ng/ml, where 101 patients had PSA 20 ng/ml. All patients were diagnosed pathologically by prostate biopsy. As for Gleason score, Gleason score≤6, Gleason score=7 and Gleason score≥ 8 had 62, 103 and 90 patients, respectively. Endocrine therapy included maximum androgen blockade (197 cases) and drug castration (58 cases), and continued for at least 1 year. Among them, 123 cases had complete blood lipid index data, and the subgroup analysis was based on the age of 80 years old, including 98 cases aged 65 to 80 years old and 25 cases over 80 years old. A total of 186 cases had complete data of total protein and albumin, of which 147 cases were 65 years old and 80 years old and 39 cases were more than 80 years old. Before treatment, cholesterol was (4.08±0.87)mmol/L, including (4.14±0.86) mmol/L in the 65-80 years old group, (3.82±0.88) mmol/L in >80 years old group; triglyceride was (1.23 ±0.56) mmol/L, 65-80 age group was (1.26±0.56) mmol/L and >80 years old group was (1.11±0.57) mmol/L; High density lipoprotein cholesterol was(1.09±0.24)mmol/L, 65-80 age group was (1.10±0.25) mmol/L and >80 years group was (1.04±0.21) mmol/L. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol was (2.50±0.78)mmol/L, 65~80 age group was (2.55±0.77)mmol/L and (2.34±0.83) mmol/L in >80 years old group.The total protein before endocrine therapy was (63.81±5.93) g/L, including (63.95±5.79) g/L in the 65-80 years old group, (63.30±6.49) g/L in >80 years old group. In terms of pre-treatment albumin (39.68±3.50) g/L, including (39.82±3.60) g/L in the 65-80 years old group and (39.21±3.12) g/L in >80 years old group. The differences of various indexes before and after treatment were analyzed. Results The results of blood lipid data analysis of 123 cases showed that, there were increased significant differences(P 0.05). The results of data analysis of 186 cases of total protein and albumin showed that, the total protein after treatment was (62.81±7.34) g/L, which was not significantly different from that before treatment (P>0.05). The total protein in 65-80 years old group after treatment was (62.36±7.36) g/L, which decrease and have statistical significantly different from that before treatment (P 80 years old group after treatment was (64.49±7.12) g/L, it was higher than that before treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The level of albumin after endocrine therapy was (38.34±4.48) g/L, which was significantly different from that before treatment (P 80 years old group after treatment were (38.32±4.54) g/L and (38.44±4.30) g/L respectively, but only in the group of 65 to 80 years old, there were significant differences compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Endocrine therapy can not only significantly increase total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in elderly patients with prostate cancer, but also significantly reduce albumin after treatment. Key words: Prostate cancer; Endocrine therapy; Lipid metabolism; Nutritional status