Abstract
AbstractThe caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica (Banks) (Limnephilidae) was exposed to copper, nickel and zinc in life cycle tests. The copper test included continuous exposure of first‐generation aquatic larvae and pupae, second‐generation larvae and pupae and third‐generation larvae. The aerial adults and eggs were exposed only to body burdens obtained as larvae and pupae. Nickel and zinc tests included first and second‐generation exposure. Copper concentrations of ≥17 μg/L prevented completion of the life cycle, and significant reduction in adult emergence occurred at 13.0 μg/L. The no‐observed‐effect level for copper was 8.3 μg/L. Nickel concentrations of ≥250 μg/L prevented completion of the life cycle. The no‐observed‐effect level for nickel was 66 μg/L. At the highest zinc concentration (5,243 μg/L), no effects were observed on any of the life stages.
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