Abstract
Tests were conducted to determine the effects of cadmium (Cd) on survival, growth, and bioaccumulation in larvae and metamorphosed juveniles of the Northwestern salamander, Ambystoma gracile. A 96-h LC50 value of 468.4 μg/L Cd was determined for 3-mo old larvae. Significant adverse effects of Cd (in water) on larval growth were observed at 227.3 μg/L in a 10-day exposure and at 193.1 μg/L Cd (LOAEL) in a 24-day exposure; no significant adverse effects were seen at 106.3 μg/L Cd in the 10-day test and 48.9 μg/L Cd (NOAEL) in the 24-day test. In the juvenile feeding tests, regurgitation of Cd-spiked food occurred at 5,701 and 2,458 μg/g Cd, but not at 982 μg/g. Cadmium tissue bioconcentration values up to 63 times the water concentration were seen in the water/larval tests. No bioaccumulation occurred in the larval and juvenile feeding tests, although similar tissue Cd levels were produced by both water and feeding exposures.
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