Abstract
We investigated the effects of the interaction between the body and gravitational axes on vection (visually induced self-motion perception) in school-age children and adults. Experiment 1 was a pilot study of adults that was conducted to determine the appropriate experimental settings for the main experiment that included children and adults. The adult participants experienced vection in four different directions in the head-centered coordinate (forward, backward, upward, and downward) under two postural conditions: standing (in which the body and gravitational axes were consistent) and supine (in which the body orientation was orthogonally aligned to the gravitational axis). The adults reported more rapid and longer lasting vection when standing than when supine. In the main experiment (Experiment 2), we tested adults and school-age children under conditions similar to those of Experiment 1 and found that the reported vection was more rapid and longer lasting in children than in adults, whereas the reported vection tended to be more rapid and longer lasting under the standing condition than the supine condition for both age groups. Based on the similarities and differences between children and adults found in the present and previous vection studies, child-specific features of vection are discussed.
Highlights
IntroductionWe investigated the effects of the interaction between the body and gravitational axes on vection (visually induced self-motion perception) in school-age children and adults
We investigated the effects of the interaction between the body and gravitational axes on vection in school-age children and adults
We examined the effect of body orientation relative to the gravitational axis on vection by following the experimental setting used by Kano (1991) with several modifications
Summary
We investigated the effects of the interaction between the body and gravitational axes on vection (visually induced self-motion perception) in school-age children and adults. Vection stimuli, composed of moving dots displayed on two monitors placed on both lateral sides of a participant’s head, were presented in four different directions (forward, backward, upward, and downward) relative to the observer’s head-centered coordinate in each of the two postures. The results indicated that the latency of vertical vection (upward and downward) relative to the observer’s head-centered coordinate was significantly shorter than that of horizontal vection (forward and backward) in the sitting posture (when the body and gravitational axes are parallel). The mean latency of vection tended to be shorter in the downward and backward directions than the upward and forward directions relative to the observer’s head-centered coordinate in the supine condition (when the body and gravitational axes are orthogonal). Kano (1991) indicated that the latency of vection was shorter in the supine condition than in the sitting condition
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