Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of different anthropometric indices and their changes on the risk of incident dyslipidemia among the Chinese population. From the Guizhou population health cohort study, 2989 Chinese adults without dyslipidemia at baseline were followed up. Anthropometric parameters including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and their changes in the latter two indices, and serum lipids were tested after at least 8 h fasting. Hazard ratio (HR), adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), and 95% confidential interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the association between anthropometric parameters and dyslipidemia risk using multivariate Cox regression. A total of 2089 (69.98%) new dyslipidemia cases were identified over an average follow-up of 7.0 years. Baseline BMI (aHR = 1.12, 95%CI 1.01, 1.23) and WHtR (aHR = 1.06, 95%CI 1.00, 1.13) were positively associated with higher risks of incident dyslipidemia but not WC. Each 5.0 kg/m2 increment of BMI or 0.05-unit increment of WHtR was significantly associated with 43% or 25% increased risk of incident dyslipidemia, respectively. The aHRs (95%CI) of incident dyslipidemia for subjects maintaining or developing general obesity were 2.19 (1.53, 3.12) or 1.46 (1.22, 1.75), and 1.54 (1.23, 1.82) or 1.30 (1.06, 1.60) for subjects maintaining or developing abdominal obesity, respectively. Linear trends for aHRs of BMI, WHtR change, and BMI change were observed (p for trend: 0.021, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). BMI, WHtR, and their changes were closely associated with the incidence of dyslipidemia for Chinese adults. Loss in BMI and WHtR had protective effects on incident dyslipidemia, whereas gain of BMI or WHtR increased the dyslipidemia risk. Interventions to control or reduce BMI and WHtR to the normal range are important for the early prevention of dyslipidemia, especially for participants aged 40 years or above, male participants, and urban residents with poor control of obesity.
Highlights
IntroductionDyslipidemia, a metabolic disease characterized by a high level of fats in blood, which can build up and clog the blood vessels in heart [1], is an established and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [2]
After the exclusion of subjects who have missing values of any covariant, the results were robust (Supplementary Figure S4). This prospective cohort study in Southwest China aimed to assess the effects of different anthropometric indices, their changes, and possible interactions between them and socioeconomic factors on the risk of incident dyslipidemia
Findings suggested that both waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI) were positively associated with the development of dyslipidemia, and both becoming obese and consistent obesity, whether general obesity or abdominal obesity, were notable risk factors for incident dyslipidemia among Chinese adults, especially among male and participants aged 40 years or above
Summary
Dyslipidemia, a metabolic disease characterized by a high level of fats in blood, which can build up and clog the blood vessels in heart [1], is an established and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [2]. It is the leading cause of atherosclerosis, which is inextricably linked with the development of CVD [3]. CVD has been the leading cause of death worldwide [4] and accounted for 45.50% and 43.16% of all deaths in rural and urban areas of China in 2016, respectively [5].
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