Abstract
Abstract Reduced frond production as well as foliar disorders and root damage to leatherleaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis [Forst.] Ching) coincided with the widespread use of Benlate fungicide in grower operations. These symptoms could not be explained by environmental conditions or the presence of new pathogens. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Benlate at labeled rates on frond production, root morphology, and soil microbial characteristics of leatherleaf ferns. A separate experiment was conducted by adding Benlate at labeled drench rate to previously untreated soil to evaluate the promotion of soil bacteria. Benlate was applied to leatherleaf fern plants in the greenhouse at labeled foliar and drench rates for 17 months. Fronds were harvested during the last nine months. Roots of the ferns were examined using electron microscopy at termination of the experiment to determine physical and microbial characteristics of the roots. Rhizosphere bacteria were evaluated to determine count...
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