Abstract
BackgroundAngiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate long-term effects of ARBs on morphologic characteristics of stent restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease requiring stent implantation by optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsPatients with coronary artery disease having history of drug-eluting stent implantation (n = 407) were analyzed on the basis of ARB therapy as the ARB group (n = 162) and the non-ARB group (n = 245). Neointimal characterizations were performed at lesions with diameter stenosis >30% with OCT in each group. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), lumen area, stent area, neointimal area, neointimal thickness, nonapposed struts, uncovered struts, and intraluminal mass between two groups were also observed.ResultsMore patients in the ARB group revealed homogeneous and layered neointimal pattern (44.9% vs. 35.6%, P < 0.001, and 16.8% vs. 10.6%, P < 0.001, respectively), and whereas patients in the non-ARB group revealed heterogeneous neointimal pattern (1.1% vs. 7.6%, P < 0.001). Mean neointimal area (1.09 ± 1.00 mm2 vs. 1.38 ± 1.24 mm2) and mean neointimal thickness (140.6 ± 112.0 μm vs. 189.6 ± 423.1 μm) with OCT were smaller in the ARB group when compared to the non-ARB group. Percentage of covered stents was significantly higher in the ARB group when compared to the Non-ARB group (97.3% vs. 92.6%, P = 0.015). Other factors such as follow-up % diameter stenosis, late lumen loss, binary restenosis, MACEs, various neointimal characteristics analyzed by image analyzing software did not show significant differences.ConclusionThe use of ARBs after drug-eluting stent implantation demonstrated difference in neointimal characteristics, less amount of neointimal area and fewer number of uncovered stent struts during the follow-up OCT, indicating the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of ARBs.
Highlights
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects
Several optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies revealed the development of lipid-laden neointima inside the stents, and OCT has become the modality of choice to study atherosclerotic change of neointima [11,12,13]
Participant characteristics and baseline assessments In total, we included 407 patients who were diagnosed as coronary artery disease (CAD) having history of drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and underwent OCT
Summary
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate long-term effects of ARBs on morphologic characteristics of stent restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease requiring stent implantation by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been widely used in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring stent implantation. In addition to its antihypertensive effect, ARBs are known for their antiinflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging intracoronary diagnostic modality that provides highresolution images of coronary artery in vivo [9]. Correlation between anti-proliferative effect of ARB and change of neointimal characterization has not been studied yet. We investigated and compared the long-term effects of ARBs on neointimal characteristics in patients with CAD requiring stent implantation by OCT image analysis
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