Abstract
Human strongyloidiasis is an important soil-transmitted helminthiasis that affects millions worldwide and can develop into fatal systemic strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed patients. We have developed two new rapid and simple-to-use immunochromatographic test (ICT) kits for rapid serodiagnosis that support stool examination for clinical diagnosis. Strongyloides stercoralis recombinant IgG immunoreactive antigen (GenBank: AAB97359.1; rSsIR-based ICT kit) was used for detection of IgG and IgG4 antibodies. The diagnostic efficacy of both kits was evaluated using human serum samples from strongyloidiasis patients, healthy individuals, and those with other parasitosis. At a prevalence of infection of 36.4%, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the rSsIR-based IgG ICT kit were 91.7%, 83.8%, 76.4%, 94.6%, and 86.7%, respectively, and those of the rSsIR-based IgG4 ICT kit were 78.3%, 84.8%, 74.6%, 87.3%, and 82.4% respectively. The concordance between the two kits was 89.7%. The recombinant antigen can be produced to an unlimited extent and the kits can be used as point-of-care diagnostic tools and in large-scale surveys in endemic areas throughout tropical regions without necessitating additional facilities or ancillary supplies.
Highlights
Human strongyloidiasis, which is transmitted through contact with contaminated soil, is an important intestinal parasitic disease that affects approximately 30 to 900 million people globally [1,2,3,4]
The immunochromatographic test (ICT) kit for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis was recently developed based on IgG antibody detection in human sera against native antigen extracted from S. stercoralis larvae
IgG immunoreactive antigen (GenBank: AAB97359.1) as the antigen for detecting IgG and IgG4 antibodies, making native antigens unnecessary in the mass production of the serodiagnostic assays. The sensitivities of both recombinant-based ICT kits were lower than the kit that use native antigen extracted from S. stercoralis larvae [24]
Summary
Human strongyloidiasis, which is transmitted through contact with contaminated soil, is an important intestinal parasitic disease that affects approximately 30 to 900 million people globally [1,2,3,4]. A rapid diagnostic immunochromatographic test (ICT) has recently been developed as a POC tool using somatic S. stercoralis larval soluble extract antigen to detect IgG antibodies in human sera [24], the test uses a native antigen. This limits its practicality owing to limitations in the amount of material able to be extracted from parasites and the need to culture the parasites in a laboratory.
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