EFFECTIVENESS OF PREDICTING THE PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF BEEF CATTLE BY QTL ASSOCIATED SNP

Abstract

The article presents the results of assessing the possibilities of predicting the meat productivity of Kazakh white-headed and Auliekol cattle by increasing alleles of QTL associated SNP. 4 polymorphic sites were selected for each of the breeds. Priority in the selection of targets were given to those with a higher frequency of occurrence of an alternative allele (at least 15%), location in different functional regions of the genome and genes, and distribution by chromosomes, as well as belonging to known QTL. Analysis of the genotypes of the sample showed that homozygosity for all 4 minor alleles (increasing) were not detected simultaneously in any animal in the sample. It was also not possible to identify animals carrying 7 alleles at the same time. The presence of 3 or more "increasing" alleles in animals of the Kazakh white-headed breed, regardless of the specific polymorphic variant, indicated that its live weight index in 12 months would exceed the average for the sample by 10 kg, and in comparison, with animals that do not carry any such allele – by 15 kg. The identification of 5 or more increasing alleles may probably indicate an even more significant increase in the live weight of the animal at 12 months (20 kg). The Auliekol breed, as in the case of the Kazakh white-headed breed, approximates the trait value to the upper limit of the trait norm as the number of increasing alleles increase. In this case, it can be stated that for the development and application of small diagnostic panels to predict increased productivity of animals, it is enough to detect from 3 to 6 increasing alleles. However, due to the insufficient amount of data, it is worth treating this data with caution at this stage of work. Increasing the sample will allow more specific data to be obtained in the future.