Effectiveness of a Brief Hypnotic Induction in Third Molar Extraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial (HypMol)

Abstract

Third molar extraction is a painful treatment for patients, and thus, it can be used to investigate the effects of analgesics on pain. Hypnosis can help to reduce pain and to decrease the intake of postoperative systemic analgesics. In this study, the effectiveness of a brief hypnotic induction for patients undergoing third molar extractions was investigated. Data were collected from 33 patients with third molar extractions on the right and left sides. Patients received 2 different types of pain interventions in this monocentric randomized crossover trial. Third molar extraction was conducted on 1 side with reduced preoperative local anesthetics and an additional brief hypnotic induction (Dave Elman technique). The other side was conducted with regular preoperative local anesthetics without a brief hypnotic induction (standard care). Intake of postoperative systemic analgesics was allowed in both treatments. Patients’ expectations about hypnosis were assessed at baseline. The primary outcome was the area under the curve with respect to ground of pain intensity after the treatment. Secondary outcomes were the amount of postoperative analgesics consumed and the preferred treatment. There was no evidence that the area under the curve with respect to ground of pain differed between the 2 interventions (controlling for gender), but the patients’ expectations affected the effectiveness of the brief hypnotic induction. This means that patients with high expectations about hypnosis benefit more from treatment with reduced preoperative local anesthetics and additional brief hypnotic induction. PerspectiveHypnosis is used as a treatment to reduce pain in general and dental settings. In this study, additional a brief hypnotic induction with reduced preoperative local anesthetic use did not generally reduce posttreatment pain after third molar extraction more than regular local anesthetics. The expectation of the patients about the effectiveness of hypnosis affected the effectiveness of the brief hypnotic induction so that patients with high expectations had a larger benefit from a brief hypnotic induction than patients with low expectations.