Effect of Zn Additions on the Oxidation of Cu–2 at.% Al and Cu–4 at.% Al Alloys in 1 atm O2 at 800 °C

Abstract

Four ternary Cu-Zn-Al alloys containing 5 or 10 at.% Zn and 2 or 4 at.% Al plus an alloy containing 2 at.% Al and 15 at.% Zn have been oxidized at 800 A degrees C in 1 atm O(2), and their behavior has been compared with that of the corresponding binary Cu-Zn and Cu-Al alloys. For the alloy containing 4 at.% Al, which is already able to form external alumina scales, the addition of Zn is only effective in reducing the mass gain during the fast, initial-oxidation stage. Conversely, the addition of 15 at.% Zn to Cu-2Al is able to prevent the formation of external scales containing mixtures of the Cu and Al oxides, resulting in the formation of external alumina scales after an initial stage of faster rate, producing a limited third-element effect. Finally, the addition of Al to both Cu-5Zn and Cu-10Zn is able to prevent the internal oxidation of Zn, producing a kind of reversed third-element effect. Possible mechanisms for these effects are examined on the basis of general treatments concerning the scaling behavior of ternary alloys.