Abstract
Effect of treatment by atomoxetine on the serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Highlights
A pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, due to imbalance between the formation and reabsorption of such fluid
The etiologic spectrum of pleural effusion can be extensive, most pleural effusions are caused by congestive heart failure, pneumonia, malignancy, or pulmonary embolism(2)
Table (2): shows the difference between both study groups in sonographic data which reveals statistical significance in increased amount (P value
Summary
A pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, due to imbalance between the formation and reabsorption of such fluid. A multiple causes of a pleural effusion, with different pathogenic mechanisms as elevated hydrostatic pressure gradient (transudation); increased extravasation of the pleural vessels (exudation); due to local inflammatory process; decrease in lymphatic drainage(1). Transudates result from an imbalance of oncotic and hydrostatic pressures, whereas exudates are the result of inflammatory processes of the pleura and/or decreased lymphatic drainage. In some cases, it is not rare for pleural fluid to exhibit mixed characteristics of transudate and exudate (2). Pathologies because of its cross-sectional perspective and superior contrast resolution and as it is helping to differentiate pleural from parenchymal disease (5)
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