Effect of the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Justicia spicigera and Biotin in Liver of Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The present investigation was directed to study the effect of the compounds present in the Justicia spicigera extract collected at different seasons of the year combined with biotin, in a model of diabetic rats induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally (40 mg / kg). 120 male rats of the Wistar strain weighing between 450-500 g were used, which were randomly divided into six groups that received treatment over a period of 60 days, as follows: a control normoglycemic group (NC) and a control diabetic group (DC) administered only with the vehicle (1% DMSO). A normoglycemic group (NEPV) and a diabetic group (DEPV) administered with the acetate extract spicigera ethyl acetate corresponding to the spring - summer period. A normoglycemic group (NEOI) and a diabetic group (DEOI) administered with J. spicigera ethyl acetate extract corresponding to the autumn - winter period. A normoglycemic group (NB) and a diabetic group administered for 30 days with biotin (DB). A normoglycemic group (NEPVB) and a diabetic group (DEPVB) administered for 60 days with the extract of ethyl acetate of J. spicigera corresponding to the spring-summer period and for 30 days with biotin. A normoglycemic group (NEOIB) and a diabetic group (DEOIB) administered for 60 days with the ethyl acetate extract of J. spicigera corresponding to autumn - winter period and for 30 days with biotin. During the treatment, the weight and the levels of glycemia and triacylglycerides were determined. After the treatment, the liver was dissected and homogenized to determine the concentration of liver lipids and the activity of the enzyme catalase (CAT), later the mitochondria were extracted where the activity of the enzyme antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) was carried out and levels of total glutathione, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). From the blood samples, the lipid profile and liver function tests were evaluated in serum. The results obtained showed that the extract obtained during the spring - summer season has a hypoglycemic, lipid lowering and antioxidant effect. In addition, it was able to decrease liver damage and the possible appearance of liver steatosis in diabetic pathology. On the other hand, the extract obtained during the autumn-winter season only exerted a lipid-lowering effect, which indicates that possibly the compounds responsible for reducing the lipid profile in diabetic rats are found indiscriminately in both climatic seasons to which they were exposed. On the other hand, the combined treatment of biotin with J. spicigera extract obtained during the spring-summer season has a significant lipid-lowering and antioxidant effect on the liver of diabetic rats. Which could be related to the effects that biotin and the components of the extract present individually, becoming a potential treatment to prevent diabetic dyslipidemia and the appearance of liver disease in people with diabetes mellitus.