Abstract
The experiment was conducted by using 20 bulls of Lai Sind cattle (a cross breed between Red Sindhi and local Vietnam yellow cattle) from 15 - 16 months of age, weighed approximately 154 - 156 kg, housed individually with provision of adequate feed trough and free access to water to evaluate the effect of tannin sourced from green tea by-product and addition of bio-char on methane production and animal performance. The experimental diets were formulated by replacing elephant grass in basal diet by bio-char and green tea by-product with the replacement of 0.5 - 1 bio-char and 3% - 5% green tea by-products, respectively to make the content of tannin in the diet of 7.3 g and 12.5 g tannin per kg dry matter. Results from this study revealed that bio-char and green tea by-product included into the diet with different levels had significantly affected on the feed intake, as the increasing level of tannin in the diet tended to increase the feed intake. The inclusion of green tea by-product in the diet which resulted in the content of tannin in the diet of 12.5 g/kg DM had significantly reduced methane emission without altering animal performance, thus the inclusion of 0.5% bio-char and 5% of green tea by-product can be applied in order to mitigate methane emission, thus contributed to environment protection.
Highlights
Methane production in ruminant can be reduced from 12% - 37% by altering ruminant diets [1] [2] [3]
The experiment was conducted by using 20 bulls of Lai Sind cattle from 15 - 16 months of age, weighed approximately 154 - 156 kg, housed individually with provision of adequate feed trough and free access to water to evaluate the effect of tannin sourced from green tea by-product and addition of bio-char on methane production and animal performance
Results from this study revealed that bio-char and green tea by-product included into the diet with different levels had significantly affected on the feed intake, as the increasing level of tannin in the diet tended to increase the feed intake
Summary
Methane production in ruminant can be reduced from 12% - 37% by altering ruminant diets [1] [2] [3]. It has been reported that the inclusion of tannin into ruminant diet could reduce rumen methane production in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Tannin, in combination with bio-char presented in the diet was believed to effectively reduce rumen methane production [5] without lowering nutrient digestibility. The source of tannin in the diet materials plays an important role on methane production in both in vitro and in vivo so that tannin could be presented in the diet up to 15% depended on its source [6] [7]. Thank to its absorption capacity, bio-char played as gas absorptive agent in the rumen [10]
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