Abstract
通过对稻草秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖等不同覆盖物表层及其对应的地表最低、最高温度23 d连续测定与对比分析, 研究了覆盖物对地表的保温、增温作用。各测点最低温度相关系数最小为0.889, 最高温度相关系数最小为0.813, 均在0.01水平显著相关, 表明温度场高度相关。与对照相比, 稻草覆盖使地表最低温度平均提高1.2 ℃以上, 地膜覆盖则提高0.2 ℃以上。天气晴好状态下, 稻草覆盖的保温作用强于地膜覆盖, 且与覆草厚度无关; 阴雨雪天气, 稻草与地膜的保温作用均显著下降, 稻草覆盖的降幅小于地膜覆盖, 且覆盖厚度大降幅较小。天气晴好条件下地膜覆盖可以提高地表温度, 无光环境中地膜无显著增温作用; 将茶园覆盖的稻草分为晴天干草、晴天湿草、阴天干草、阴天湿草4种类型, 其增温效果与稻草类型有关, 且强于地膜覆盖。总之, 与地膜相比, 稻草覆盖保温效果好, 并具有一定的增温效果, 无污染, 材料来源丰富, 更适宜于作为冬季防寒材料。
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