Abstract
<i>Candida spp</i>. are the most common cause of fungal diseases and the fourth commonest cause of nosocomial invasive infections which are considered in many cases as life threatening. Among <i>Candida </i>spp., <i>C. albicans </i>is the most common cause of many fungal diseases, but non-albicans spp. infections are in increase. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have previously been shown to have antifungal activity. In this study we determine the antifungal activity of the tested NSAIDs using agar well diffusion method, their effect on the dimorphic transition of <i>C. albicans</i> by testing their ability to form germ tube in the presence of human serum. Determining the effect of NSAIDs on the adherence to plastic surfaces and on the mature biofilms formed by the tested <i>Candida</i> spp.. The results indicated that <i>Sodium Diclofenac</i><i> </i>showed lower MIC against <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. glabrata</i> while Ibuprofen had lower MIC against <i>C. krusei</i>. upon examining the effect of Diclofenac sodium, Ibuprofen and ketoprofen on biofilm formed on polyurethane segments by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), a damage to membranes of the tested species was observed. <i>Sodium Diclofenac</i><i> </i>showed the highest inhibitory effect on the adherence (51.1-76.9% at MIC and 56.6-83.3% at 2XMIC) of <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. glabrata</i> but Ibuprofen showed a higher inhibitory effect against the adherence of <i>C. krusei</i>. For mature biofilms, the highest disruptive effect on mature biofilms formed by all tested <i>Candida Spp</i>. (37.72-59.29% at MIC and 42.68-63.06% at 2XMIC) was observed by Diclofenac sodium. <i>Sodium Diclofenac</i><i> </i>inhibited dimorphic transition of <i>C. albicans</i> but a decrease in germ tube formation was shown by others. In conclusion, the tested drugs showed antifungal, anti-adherent and anti-biofilm activity that make them useful in the treatment of fungal infection and the prevention of biofilm formation on the surface of medical devices.
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