Effect of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) Elements on the Retention of Nurses at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar, Nigeria

Abstract

This research investigated the effect of self-determination theory (SDT) elements on the retention of nurses at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) in Calabar, Nigeria. The primary focus was to analyze how SDT components like autonomy, competence, and relatedness influence nurse retention at UCTH. Utilizing a cross-sectional research design, the study collected primary data via structured questionnaires from 206 general nurses at UCTH. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and multiple regression was employed to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that SDT factors—autonomy, competence, and relatedness—had significant positive effects on nurse retention at UCTH. These results underscore the critical importance of nurturing self-determination motivation elements in public hospitals like UCTH to improve nurse retention. Therefore, the study advised that public hospital managers in Nigeria should establish a supportive work environment that promotes nurses' independence in patient care and evaluation. It is also essential to prioritize continuous training and skill enhancement to elevate technical proficiency and the quality of patient care. Furthermore, fostering a culture of social interaction and professional relationships among staff is key to boosting nurses' sense of belonging and worth in the workplace. The study also highlighted the need for extensive research to gain a deeper understanding of the link between SDT factors and employee retention in Nigerian healthcare. Future research should encompass other healthcare professionals in addition to nurses to offer comprehensive insights for effective retention strategies in the Nigerian public health sector.