Effect of selenium nanoparticles conjugated Vildagliptin on cognitive dysfunction associated with Diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Type II Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder leading to cognitive impairment. Vildagliptin, an antidiabetic drug, possesses neuroprotective activity, but it shows poor permeation to the brain with a short half-life. So, there is a need to improve the delivery of Vildagliptin to the brain. Selenium nanoparticles have recently exhibited increasing interest because of their safety, stability, and enhanced delivery to the brain. In the present study, vildagliptin-selenium nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. The in-vitro and in-vivo antioxidant study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of vildagliptin-selenium nanoparticles. In-vivo cognitive function was assessed by neurobehavioral studies using Y-maze and radial maze, anticholinesterase activity, and estimation of pro-inflammatory mediators. The selenium nanoconjugate of vildagliptin significantly improved the learning and memory function, decreased lipid peroxidation, and elevated the antioxidant status of vildagliptin. They also lessened the acetylcholinesterase levels and pro-inflammatory mediators. Hence, vildagliptin-selenium nanoparticles improved the efficacy of vildagliptin against streptozotocin-induced cognitive decline in rats. This efficacy may be attributed to its ability to enhance antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory effects. Further studies may be done to study its effectiveness against other neurodegenerative diseases.