Abstract
The chloride diffusion process can be greatly affected by the temperature and relative humidity. Annual average temperature and relative humidity are often adopted in analytical models to calculate chloride profiles. These models, however, cannot consider the seasonal characteristics of temperature and relative humidity. This paper presents a theoretical study to solve the above problem. The temperature and relative humidity in several major cities in China are first collected. Then, the governing equation of one-dimensional chloride diffusion is solved by both analytical and numerical methods using the annual and monthly average temperature and relative humidity, respectively. Based on these two methods, a parameter called “seasonal correction coefficient” is introduced into the analytical models. The values of the coefficient for major cities in China are obtained. Based on the results, it is found that: (1) the analytical solution with annual average temperature and relative humidity is questionable to calculate chloride profiles for typical cities, (2) the seasonal correction coefficient is independent on the apparent chloride diffusivity, affected slightly by the activation energy of chloride ions during diffusion and greatly by the critical relative humidity for common water-to-cement ratios of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortar and concrete.
Highlights
Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials
Numerous efforts were made to determine this parameter [10,11,12,13,14,15]. These researches showed that the chloride diffusivity can be influenced by a lot of factors which can be categorized into materials such as w/c and environmental condition such as temperature and relative humidity
This study mainly presents theoretical research on the effect of seasonal characteristics of temperature and relative humidity on the chloride diffusion process
Summary
Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials. Normal concrete is manufactured using cement, aggregate, water, and other necessary additives. Numerous efforts were made to determine this parameter [10,11,12,13,14,15] These researches showed that the chloride diffusivity can be influenced by a lot of factors which can be categorized into materials such as w/c and environmental condition such as temperature and relative humidity. To consider the effect of environmental conditions on the chloride transport process, the annual average temperature and relative humidity are often used in corresponding influence functions. There may be differences (a typical example will be presented later) In these cases, it is improper to use annual average temperature and relative humidity to calculate the chloride content either by analytical model or numerical simulation. It is expected that the issue of seasonal characteristics of temperature and relative humidity in the analysis of the chloride transport and other concrete durability problems can be recognized and received enough attention
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